|
 
| |
"
 | De
VRC heeft 22 provincies, 5 gebieden met nationaal zelfbestuur (Nei Mongol, Xinjiang,
Guangxi, Ningxia, Tibet),
4 stadsprovincies (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing), en twee bijzondere
administratieve gebieden (Hong Kong
en Macao).
|
| Voorts
maakt de VRC aanspraak op Taiwan, betiteld als 'opstandige provincie', op de
Spratleys, een groep eilanden
in de Zuidchinese Zee, en op de Senkaku/Diaoyutai, een groep eilanden in de Oostchinese
Zee.
 | info
over de aanspraak op Taiwan:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statut_de_Taïwan
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan-Konflikt
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Status_politico_di_Taiwan
http://media.hoover.org/documents/CLM25AR.pdf
[Alan D.Romberg, After the Taiwan election, Restoring dialogue while
reserving options (2008)]
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/FA16Ad05.html
[Daniel McCarthy, Myths about China-Taiwan reunification, January 16,
2004]
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/en/doc/2003-11/23/content_283945.htm
[China to "pay any price" for national unity; November 23, 2003]
http://www.geledraak.nl/html/page445.asp
[Is Taiwan een deel van China? (2003)]
http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/2007/MR1217.pdf
[David A. Shlapak, David T. Orletsky, Barry Wilson, Dire Strait? Military
Aspects of the China-Taiwan Confrontation and Options for U.S. Policy (2000]
http://www.china.org.cn/e-china/administrative/taiwan.htm
[Administrative division: Taiwan province; July 13, 2000]
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/asia/china/china-taiwan.html
[China-Taiwan history; March 7, 2000]
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/china/
[Dangerous Straits: introduction, interview, experts' analyses, chronology &
map, readings & links, teacher's guide, &c.]
|
| info
over de Zuid Chinese Zee
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_China_Sea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_South_China_Sea
http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/07/21/china.sea.conflict/
[Kathy Quiano, CNN: China, ASEAN agree on plans to solve South China Sea
dispute, July 21, 2011]
http://www.china-un.ch/eng/xwdt/t841727.htm
[The senior officials meeting for the implementation of "the Declarain
on conduct of parties in the South China Sea" reaches an agreement on the guideline,
July 20, 2011]
http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/06/25/south.china.sea.conflict/index.html
[Kevin Voigt, Explainer: South China Sea - Asia's most dangerous waters,
June 30, 2011]
http://faculty.law.ubc.ca/scs/links.htm
[Managing potential conflicts in the South China Sea - related papers]
http://www.on118.com/e_on118/news/disp.asp?news_id=1556
[China, ASEAN Sign Code of Conduct on South China Sea; November 6, 2002]
http://www.aseansec.org/13163.htm
[Declaration on the conduct of parties in the South China Sea, November 4, 2002]
http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/3120.html
[Cheng-yi Lin, Taiwan's Spratly Initiative in the South China Sea, April
1, 2008]
http://faculty.law.ubc.ca/scs/cats.htm
[Hasjim Djalal, Ian Townsend-Gault, Preventive diplomacy: managing potential
conflicts in the South China Sea (1999]
http://www.eoearth.org/article/South_China_Sea_large_marine_ecosystem
[South China Sea large marine ecosystem, August 24, 2008]
http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/South_China_Sea/pdf.pdf
[South China Sea, Analyses Briefs, March 2008]
http://www.geledraak.nl/provincies/Z-Chinese_zee.html
[De Zuid-Chinese Zee: Een omstreden zeegebied; 13 maart
2006]
http://www.southchinasea.org/
[The South China Sea]
http://www.southchinasea.org/pub.html
[South China Sea Virtyual Library: online publications]
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8JS4VZbCWj8
[Videographic: China's territorial claims, & related videographics]
http://www.southchinasea.org/album.html
[South China Sea photo album]
|
| info
over de aanspraak op de Spratly Islands & de Paracel Islands
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Spratly
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Island_Skirmish_(1988)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracel_Islands
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Paracel_Islands
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflit_territorial_en_mer_de_Chine_méridionale
http://www.asiasentinel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2626&Itemid=164
[Philip Bowring, The great game for the Spratleys, Vietna takes command of
the issue, August 6, 2010]
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/JB22Ad02.html
[Cheng-yi Lin, Buffer benefits in Spratly initiative, February 22, 2008]
http://www.copvcia.com/free/ww3/032105_china_claims.shtml
[Dale Allen Pfeiffer, China's offshore claims (2005)]
http://taiwansecurity.org/IS/PacNet-100600.htm
[Yann-huei Song, South China Sea Code of Conduct and Taiwan, October 6,
2000]
http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/020806/a7fe99fd4cc76afb9e6d414f646176d0/Speaker-spratly1.ppt
[Vipin Gupta, Adam Bernstein, Keeping an eye on the islands: Cooperative
Remote monitoring of the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea]
http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/50/index-ea.html
[History of the Nanhai (South China Sea) and the Spratly Islands (1999)]
http://www.mevietnam.org/lanhtho-lanhhai/feer-dispute.html
[Frank Ching, Paracel Islands dispute, February 10, 1994]
http://www.lib.noaa.gov/china/programs.htm
[The development of China's marine programs; May 1998]
|
| info
over de aanspraak op de Senkaku/Diaoyutai:
http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senkaku-eilanden
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senkaku_Islands
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senkaku_Islands_dispute
http://eereporter.blogspot.com/2010/10/yesterday-two-miracles-however-you.html
[Historical analysis on the Senkaku Islands, October 24, 2010]
http://fr.globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/05/528/
[Taïwan : Conflit autour des îles Diaoyutai; 5 juillet 2008]
http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/02/taiwan-problems-on-diaoyutai-islands/
[Portnoy, Taiwan: Conflict over Diaoyutai Islands, July 2, 2008]
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2008/06/27/2003415879/1
[John Tkacik, Clear signal needed on disputes isles, June 27, 2008]
http://books.google.com/books?id=vDpEiKR2osoC&pg=PA95&dq=Pinnacle+Islands#v=onepage
[Historical documents of the Diaoyu islands (2000)]
http://www.american.edu/TED/ice/DIAOYU.HTM
[Cheng-China Huang, Diaoyutai islands dispute, June 1997]
http://www.jcp.or.jp/english/e-senkaku.html
[Questions related to the Senkaku Islands and perspectives for their resolution,
September 22, 1996]
http://www.skycitygallery.com/japan/diaohist.html
[Kiyoshi Inoue, Japanese Militarism & Diaoyutai (Senkaku) Island,
February 1972]
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/senkaku.htm
[Senkaku / Diaoyutai islands (chronology)
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/senkaku-links.htm
[references & links]
|
| info
over de relaties met de buurlanden:
http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/china/borderdisputes.html
[Borderdisputes in China; April 19, 2005]
http://www.upiasia.com/Politics/2009/01/08/resolving_chinas_border_disputes/7703/
[Zhang Quanyi, Resolving China's border disputes, January 8, 2009]
http://mit.academia.edu/MTaylorFravel/Papers/8479/Structural_Sources_of_Chinas_Territorial_Compromises
[Albert B.Wolf and M.Taylor Fravel, Correspondence: Structural Sources of
China's territorial compromises (2006)]
http://chinaperspectives.revues.org/document806.html
[Daniel Gomà Pinilla, Border disputes between China and North Korea, March/April
2004]
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB49/
[William Burr, The Sino-Soviet border conflict, U.S. reactions and diplomatic
maneuvers, June 12, 2001]
http://www.chinapolitik.de/studien/china_analysis/schmidt_china_multilateralismus.pdf
[Dirk Schmidt, Die Beziehungen der Volksrepublik China zu multilateral
Gruppierungen im asiatisch-pazifischen Raum 1989-1999 (2001)]
|
|
| Totale
oppervlakte: ± 9,6 millioen km2; grootste afstand noord-zuid ± 4050 km,
oost-west: ± 5000 km
|
| Totale
bevolkingsaantal ± 1,30 miljard, 49% van het vrouwelijke en 51% van het mannelijke
geslacht;
92% behorend tot de Han-nationaliteit, 8% tot 55 andere nationaliteiten, de zgn 'nationale
minderheden'.
Ondanks de 1-kind politiek een aanzienlijke jaarlijkse bevolkingsaanwas, zie:
| China
population information and news & ticking population clock
http://www.cpdrc.org.cn/index.asp
[Zhongguodalu renkou shi zhong & jinnian yi chusheng ren]
 | de
stamvaders van de Han-Chinezen waren Afrikanen (of toch niet?)
http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/Science_2001_v292_p1151.pdf
[African Origin of Modern Humans in East Asia: A Tale of 12,000 Y
Chromosomes, May 2001]
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/292/5519/1151
[idem, tables, references and footnotes]
http://www.handprint.com/LS/ANC/disp.html
[Hominid fossil sites, & map Migration of Homo sapiens (1997)]
http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/permanent/humanorigins/history/peking.php
[History of human evolution: Peking man]
http://www.physorg.com/news5474.html
[Scientists find genetic evidence for southern origin of
modern humans in East Asia, July 27, 2005]
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/95/20/11763
[Jiazhen Tan, Genetic relationship of populations in China, September
29, 1998]
|
| waar
komen de mensen vandaan? en waar gaan ze heen?
http://dagkrant.kuleuven.be/?q=node/10169
[Stephen Hawking, Origin of the Universe, Leuven, October 25, 2011 (video)]
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nFjwXe-pXvM
[Origin of the Universe - Stephen Hawking (video, 1 of 5), & related videos]
http://web.archive.org/web/20080615011734/http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/03/16_hawking_text.shtml/
[Origins of the universe: Stephen Hawking's J.Robert oppenheimer Lecture, March 13, 2007]
http://sino-platonic.org/complete/spp203_geology_human_history.pdf
[Donald F.Beaumont, How the earth's geology determined human history,
Sino-Platonic Papers number 2003, June 2010]
http://www.time.com/time/asia/magazine/2000/0117/cover1.html
[Michael D.Lemonick, Andrea Dorfman, Up from the apes, Remarkable new
evidence is filling in the story of how we became human, January 17, 2000]
http://www.sciencemag.org/ardipithecus/
[Ardipithecus ramidus: iUnderstanding human origins: editorial, news focus,
introduction, research articles (Science, 2 October issue, 2009)]
http://www.actionbioscience.org/evolution/ingman.html
[Max Ingman, Mitochondrial DNA Clarifies Human Evolution, May
2001]
http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/permanent/humanorigins/meettherelatives/w5i1.html
[meet your relatives: chimpanzee, homo sapiens, homo neanderthalensis]
http://www.lsp-mas.be/marxisme/1876aap.html
[Friedrich Engels, De rol van de arbeid in de overgang van aap naar mens
(1876)]
http://www.marxists.org/francais/marx/76-rotra.htm
[Friedrich Engels, Le rôle du travail dans la transformation du singe en
homme]
http://www.mlwerke.de/me/me20/me20_444.htm
[Friedrich Engels, Anteil der Arbeit an de Menschwerdung des Affen]
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/d36_orig/origin.htm
[On the Origin of Species by Means of natural selection, or the Preservation of
favoured races in the struggle for life, by Charles Darwin,
London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, 1859]
http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/darwin_charles_robert/descendance_homme/descendance_homme.html
[Charles-Robert Darwin (1809-1882), La descendance de l’homme et la
sélection sexuelle. Traduit de l’Anglais par Edmond Barbier
d’après la seconde édition anglaise revue et augmentée par l’auteur, 1876.
Humani Generis
[On Human Origin, Encyclical by Pope Pius XII on the theories of the origin of man, August
12, 1950]
http://press.catholica.va/news_services/bulletin/news/22602.php?index=22602&po_date=16.09.2008&lang=it
[Conferenza stampa di presentazione del convegno internazionale, Biological
evolution: facts and theories. A critical appraisal 150 years after the ' Origin of
Species', Roma, 3-7 Marzo 2009; September 16, 2008]
http://www.evolution-rome2009.net/
[Pontifical Gregorian University, III STOQ International Conference, Biological
Evolution: facts and theories. A critical appraisal 150 years after the ' Origin of
Species', Rome, 3-7 March 2009]
http://psydok.sulb.uni-saarland.de/volltexte/2007/981/pdf/e_Buch_MENSCHENBILDER_J._Fahrenberg_2007_100807.pdf
[Jochen Fahrenberg, Menschenbilder, Psychologische, biologische,
interkulturelle und religiöse Ansichten (e-Buch 2007)
http://english.cri.cn/6909/2011/08/02/2741s651489.htm
[70 percent of British related to Egyptian pharao Tutankhamen; August 2, 2011]
http://sinanthropus.blogspot.com/2006/07/new-evidence-for-asian-origins-of.html
[Teilhardina belgica]
http://app1.chinadaily.com.cn/star/2005/0414/fe23-1.html
[Clues to alien life]
http://www.kennislink.nl/publicaties/dossier-robotica-1
[meet ASIMO]
|
|
|
| Voor
info over de weerslag van de geologische gesteldheid op de economie en de
bevolkingsdichtheid, zie:
kaart vruchtbaarheid van de grond: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/china_agricultural_86.jpg
kaart gewassen: http://www.fao.org/countryprofiles/Maps/CHN/12/al/index.html
kaart bevolkingsdichtheid: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/china_population_83.jpg
kaart infrastructuur: http://magnetbahnforum.de/index.php?China-Infrastructure
http://www.schillerinstitute.org/economy/maps/maps3.html#China%20and%20Far%20East
kaart bodemreliëf: http://www.hphein.de/Bilder/relief.JPG
kaarten, algemeen: http://www.fao.org/countryprofiles/maps.asp?iso3=CHN&lang=en
|
| Talen:
het Mandarijn-Chinees, gebaseerd op het Beijing-dialect, dat zich als 'nationale taal'
opwerpt, het Kantonees van
zuidelijk China (inclusief Hong Kong), het Wu van Shanghai, en de talen van de 'nationale
minderheden'.
|
© 2002-2012 Jacoba J.H.M.Hanenburg
|
